Scalp Abscess and Cyst Infections: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment ( video below )

The scalp, like any other part of the skin, can develop infections or cysts that may lead to painful swelling and pus formation. In the image shown, a raised lesion with yellowish discharge is visible, suggesting the presence of an abscess or an infected cyst.

What Is a Scalp Abscess?

A scalp abscess is a collection of pus that forms beneath the skin due to a bacterial infection. It often appears as a red, swollen, and tender bump that may leak thick yellow or white pus. In some cases, the infection may originate from:

  • A sebaceous cyst that becomes inflamed or infected.

  • Folliculitis (infection of the hair follicle).

  • Injury or trauma to the scalp that allows bacteria to enter.

Causes of Scalp Infections

  • Bacterial Infection: The most common cause, usually due to Staphylococcus aureus.

  • Blocked oil glands: Sebaceous cysts can trap keratin and oil, becoming infected.

  • Poor scalp hygiene: Excess oil, dirt, and sweat can encourage bacterial growth.

  • Skin conditions: Dandruff, eczema, or psoriasis may increase susceptibility to infection.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Painful, red, and swollen lump on the scalp

  • Pus or fluid discharge (often yellow or green)

  • Itching, burning, or tenderness around the area

  • Fever in severe cases

  • Foul odor if the infection is advanced

Treatment Options

  1. Medical Drainage

    • Doctors may perform an incision and drainage to remove pus and relieve pressure.

  2. Antibiotics

    • Oral or topical antibiotics help clear bacterial infections.

  3. Warm Compresses

    • Applying a warm cloth can encourage natural drainage and reduce discomfort.

  4. Surgical Removal of Cysts

    • In recurrent or chronic cases, cyst removal prevents repeated infections.

  5. Proper Wound Care

    • Keeping the area clean and covered reduces the risk of reinfection.

Prevention Tips

  • Wash the scalp regularly to maintain hygiene.

  • Avoid scratching or squeezing bumps on the scalp.

  • Treat dandruff or skin conditions promptly.

  • Consult a dermatologist for recurring cysts or abscesses.

Key Takeaway: A scalp abscess or infected cyst may look alarming but can be effectively treated with proper medical care. Early treatment helps prevent complications like spreading infections, scarring, or chronic recurrences.