Cysts are common skin conditions that can appear anywhere on the body. They often look alarming, especially when they swell, turn red, or begin to drain thick material. The image above shows a case of an inflamed cyst, where a buildup of keratin—a protein found in skin, hair, and nails—was released.
What Is a Cyst?
A cyst is a closed sac-like structure that can develop beneath the skin or inside the body. It is usually filled with fluid, pus, or keratin. One of the most common types is an epidermoid cyst, which forms when skin cells move deeper instead of shedding on the surface. These cells then multiply, producing keratin that collects inside the cyst.
Symptoms of an Infected or Inflamed Cyst
While many cysts are harmless and painless, they can become inflamed or infected. Symptoms may include:
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Redness and swelling around the lump
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Tenderness or pain when touched
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A foul-smelling discharge
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Thick, white, yellow, or cheese-like material draining out
Causes of Cyst Formation
Several factors can trigger cysts, such as:
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Blocked hair follicles or oil glands
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Skin trauma or injury
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Genetic conditions
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Infections
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the size and severity of the cyst:
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Observation – Small, painless cysts that do not cause discomfort often need no treatment.
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Drainage – Doctors may drain infected cysts to reduce swelling and discomfort, as shown in the image.
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Medication – Antibiotics may be prescribed if infection is present.
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Surgical Removal – For recurrent or bothersome cysts, minor surgery is often recommended to remove the sac completely and prevent regrowth.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you notice a lump that is painful, growing rapidly, or leaking pus, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional. Self-treatment, such as squeezing or cutting into the cyst, can lead to further infection or scarring.
Final Thoughts
Cysts may look frightening, but in most cases, they are not life-threatening. With proper medical care, they can be safely treated and prevented from returning. If you suspect you have one, always seek professional advice rather than trying to manage it on your own.
